City Light Negatives

Series — Multiple Containers

Identifier: 1204-01

Staff Only

Scope and Contents note

Both color and black and white photographic negatives documenting the development of Seattle’s public electric utility, including dam construction, water main installation, and facilities. Includes photos of dam construction in the Cedar River Watershed and the Skagit, and the Boundary Project; transmission lines and substations; City Light facilities, and employees. Subseries of images relate to Boundary Dam, Gorge High Dam, and Ross Dam. Other generating facilities depicted are Cedar Falls, Diablo Dam, Lake Union and Georgetown steam plants, and the Newhalem hydroelectric plant. A wide selection of images relating to the construction of the Boundary Dam are scanned and online but additional negatives and negatives depicting construction of the Diablo, Gorge, Ross and High Ross Dams are unscanned. From the late 1940s onward, subseries “P” and “C” depict employee events, substations, facilities, employees, and uses of electricity as well as additional images of the dams. Highlights include the control room at the Power Control Center, Seafair and other parades, Seattle City Light Employee Association (CLEA) events, employee sports teams, and substations across the city. The “P” series is scanned through the early 1960s and the “C” (color) series through the early 1970s; other negatives in these series are unscanned. In addition, this series includes over 1500 negatives of City Light personnel, dating primarily from 1950-1985. Pictured are employees at all levels, in some cases varying dates througout their career. Images are mostly portraits, although images of retirement parties and other events are also included. Over 26,000 images have been scanned and are available for download on the digital platform.

Dates

Creation: 1914-1995

Creator

Seattle City Light (Organization)

Conditions Governing Access note

Records are open to the public.

Historical Note

City Light provides electricity and electrical and conservation services to its public and private customers. It is the largest public utility in the Pacific Northwest. Public responsibility for electrical energy dates back to 1890 with creation of the Department of Lighting and Water Works. The formulation of this public utility stemmed from fear of monopolization by private companies and was reinforced by the inadequacy of those companies during the Great Fire of 1889. Unable to gain access to private water, much of the business district was burned to the ground. Citizens responded eagerly to the idea of publicly owned water and electricity, which was later encouraged as part of President Roosevelt's New Deal in the 1930s.

In 1902, Seattle voters passed a bond issue to develop hydroelectric power on the Cedar River under the administration of the Water Department. This was the nation's first municipally owned hydroelectric project. Electricity from this development began to serve customers in Seattle in 1905. A City Charter amendment in 1910 created the Lighting Department, making it a full member of the City's Board of Public Works. Under the leadership of Superintendent James D. Ross, the department developed the Skagit River hydroelectric project which began supplying power in 1924 with the completion of the Gorge Dam.

Both public and private power was supplied to Seattle until 1951 when the City purchased the local private electrical power company, the Puget Sound Power and Light Company, making the Lighting Department the sole supplier. The Boundary Project in northeastern Washington began operations in 1967 and supplied over half of City Light's power generation. By the early 21st century, approximately ten percent of City Light's income came from the sale of surplus energy to customers in the Northwest and Southwest with the remainder of City Light's financial support coming from customer revenue.

The current name of the agency was adopted in 1978 when the department was reorganized. As a municipally owned public power system, Seattle City Light is governed by elected Seattle officials. Administrative authority rests with the Superintendent and an executive team that includes the department's Chief of Staff, Service and Energy Delivery Officer, Human Resources Officer, Power Supply and Environmental Affairs Officer, and Chief Financial Officer. City Light is responsible for electrical service and streetlight service, streetlight problems, and also conservation, both residential and commercial/industrial.

City Light provides low-cost, reliable, and environmentally responsible electric power to approximately 395,000 customers in Seattle and neighboring areas, including Burien, Lake Forest Park, Normandy Park, Renton, SeaTac, Shoreline, Tukwila, and unincorporated King County. It is the ninth-largest public power system in the United States and has the lowest rates among comparably sized cities in the United States.